GM Service Manual Online
For 1990-2009 cars only
Makes 🢒 Saturn 🢒 2004 🢒 ION 🢒 DTC 🢒 DTC P0651

Object Number: 1397303 Size: LF

Circuit Description

The powertrain control module (PCM) uses the 5-volt reference circuit as a sensor feed to the following sensors:

    • The manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor
    • The throttle position sensor 2
    • The accelerator pedal position sensor 1

The PCM monitors the voltage on the 5-volt reference circuit. If the voltage is out of tolerance, the PCM will set DTC P0651.

DTC Descriptor

This diagnostic procedure supports the following DTC:

DTC P0651 5-Volt Reference 2 Circuit

Conditions for Running the DTC
    • DTCs P0601, P0602, P0604, P0606, P1621, and P2610 are not set.
    • The ignition is in unlock, accessory, run, or crank mode.
    • The ignition voltage is greater than 5.2 volts.
    • DTC P0651 runs continuously when the above conditions are met.

Conditions for Setting the DTC
    • The PCM detects a voltage out of tolerance condition on the 5-volt reference circuit.
    • The above condition is present for 1 second.

Action Taken When the DTC Sets
    • The control module illuminates the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) when the diagnostic runs and fails.
    • The control module records the operating conditions at the time the diagnostic fails. The control module stores this information in the Freeze Frame/Failure Records.

Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
    • The control module turns OFF the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) after 3 consecutive ignition cycles that the diagnostic runs and does not fail.
    • A current DTC, Last Test Failed, clears when the diagnostic runs and passes.
    • A history DTC clears after 40 consecutive warm-up cycles, if no failures are reported by this or any other emission related diagnostic.
    • Clear the MIL and the DTC with a scan tool.

Step

Action

Values

Yes

No

Schematic Reference: Engine Controls Schematics

Connector End View Reference: Powertrain Control Module Connector End Views or Engine Controls Connector End Views

1

Did you perform the Diagnostic System Check - Engine Controls?

--

Go to Step 2

Go to Diagnostic System Check - Engine Controls

2
  1. Observe the Freeze Frame/Failure Records for this DTC.
  2. Turn OFF the ignition for 30 seconds.
  3. Start the engine.
  4. Operate the vehicle within the Conditions for Running the DTC. You may also operate the vehicle within the conditions that you observed from the Freeze Frame/Failure Records.

Did the DTC fail this ignition?

--

Go to Step 3

Go to Intermittent Conditions

3

Visually and physically inspect the powertrain control module (PCM) and engine grounds. Ensure that the grounds are clean and secure. Refer to Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections and Connector Repairs in Wiring Systems.

Did you find and correct the condition?

--

Go to Step 12

Go to Step 4

4
  1. Turn OFF the ignition.
  2. Disconnect the manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor. Refer to Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Replacement .
  3. Turn ON the ignition, with the engine OFF.
  4. Measure the voltage from the 5-volt reference circuit of the MAP sensor harness connector to a good ground with a DMM. Refer to Circuit Testing in Wiring Systems.

Is the voltage within the specified range?

4.8-5.2 V

Go to Step 6

Go to Step 5

5

Is the voltage more than the specified value?

5.2 V

Go to Step 9

Go to Step 7

6
  1. Connect the MAP sensor.
  2. Disconnect the accelerator pedal position sensor.
  3. Measure the voltage from the 5-volt reference circuit of the accelerator pedal position sensor harness connector to a good ground with a DMM. Refer to Circuit Testing in Wiring Systems.

Is the voltage within the specified range?

4.8-5.2 V

Go to Intermittent Conditions

Go to Step 11

7
  1. Observe the DMM while disconnecting all other devices that are connected to the 5-volt reference 2 circuit, one at a time.
  2. If the voltage changes when one of the components are disconnected, replace the component. Refer to the appropriate replacement procedure below:

Was a component replaced?

--

Go to Step 12

Go to Step 8

8

Test the 5-volt reference 2 circuits for a short to ground. Refer to Circuit Testing and Wiring Repairs in Wiring Systems.

Did you find and correct the condition?

--

Go to Step 12

Go to Step 10

9
  1. Turn OFF the ignition.
  2. Disconnect the PCM.
  3. Turn ON the ignition, with the engine OFF.
  4. Test the following circuits for a short to voltage:
    5. • The 5-volt reference 2 circuits
    • The MAP sensor signal circuit--Refer to Circuit Testing and Wiring Repairs in Wiring Systems.

Did you find and correct the condition?

--

Go to Step 12

Go to Step 10

10

Replace the PCM. Refer to Powertrain Control Module Replacement .

Did you complete the replacement?

--

Go to Step 12

--

11

Replace the MAP sensor. Refer to Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Replacement for SCIP replacement.

Did you complete the replacement?

--

Go to Step 12

--

12
  1. Clear the DTCs with a scan tool.
  2. Turn OFF the ignition for 30 seconds.
  3. Start the engine.
  4. Operate the vehicle within the Conditions for Running the DTC. You may also operate the vehicle within the conditions that you observed from the Freeze Frame/Failure Records.

Did the DTC fail this ignition?

--

Go to Step 3

Go to Step 13

13

Observe the Capture Info with a scan tool.

Are there any DTCs that have not been diagnosed?

--

Go to Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List

System OK