GM Service Manual Online
For 1990-2009 cars only

Immobilizer System Description

The engine immobilizer system is designed to prevent the vehicle from being stolen. This system uses an transponder key ECU assembly. that stores the key codes of authorized ignition keys. If an attempt is made to start the engine using an unauthorized key, the transponder key ECU assembly sends a signal to the powertrain control module (PCM) to prohibit fuel delivery and ignition, effectively disabling the engine. The components of the immobilizer system are as follows:

    • The PCM
    • The transponder key ECU assembly (immobilizer module)
    • The transponder key amplifier
    • The unlock warning switch assembly
    • The front door courtesy light switch assembly (driver side)
    • The security indicator light assembly

Immobilizer System Operation

When the transponder key ECU assembly detects that the key unlock warning switch is ON (key in ignition) and the driver's door is closed, the ECU provides current to the transponder key coil and produces a faint electric wave. A transponder chip in the key grip receives the faint electric wave. Upon receiving the faint electric wave, the transponder chip outputs a key ID code signal. The transponder key coil receives this signal, the transponder key amplifier amplifies it, and then the signal is transmitted to the ECU.

The transponder key ECU assembly matches the key's code with the vehicle's ID code, that was previously registered in the ECU, and then communicates the results to the PCM. After the identification results show that the key's ID code matches the vehicle's ID code and the ECU has confirmed their match, the immobilizer system does not immobilize the engine and the engine starting controls (fuel injection control and ignition control) and the ECU transmits a security indicator signal that communicates "indicator off" to the security indicator. The security indicator light then turns off.