Electronic Ignition (EI) System Description. Chevrolet Tracker

For 1990-2009 cars only

Makes 🢒 Chevrolet 🢒 2002 🢒 Tracker - 4WD 🢒 Engine 🢒 Engine Controls - 2.5L (LE8) 🢒 Electronic Ignition (EI) System Description

The electronic ignition system used in the 2.0L engine is a coil-on-plug design that is controlled by the powertrain control module (PCM).

The ignition system components cannot be disassembled or repaired. A component that is correctly diagnosed as faulty must be replaced as a complete unit.

Ignition Coil Assembly

The ignition coil (2) has a high voltage output terminal and boot, that provides spark directly to the spark plug (3). Each ignition coil assembly has a built-in ignition module, or igniter, that controls the current flow in the primary coil winding. The secondary coil voltage travels directly to the spark plug, increasing secondary ignition voltage by eliminating the spark plug wire.

Operation

Ignition System


(1)	PCM
(2)	CMP Sensor
(3)	Ignition Coil 5
(4)	Ignition Coil 3
(5)	Ignition Coil 1
(6)	Spark Plugs Bank 1
(7)	Spark Plugs Bank 2
(8)	Ignition Coil 2
(9)	Ignition Coil 4
(10)	Ignition Coil 6
(11)	Noise Suppressor

The PCM uses reference pulses from the camshaft position (CMP) sensor in order to determine engine speed. The PCM cannot operate the ignition system--or the fuel injectors--without the engine speed signal from the CMP.

The six ignition coils supply spark to each engine cylinder, or spark plug, at precisely the right time. When the PCM sends a signal to the ignition module that is built into the ignition coil, the module responds by interrupting the current flow in the primary coil windings. Interrupting the current flow causes the electrical field around the primary coil to collapse, inducing a high voltage in the secondary coil. The secondary coil voltage travels unhindered to the spark plug, through the high voltage output terminal and boot assembly.

The PCM also uses the CMP sensor signal as an input for control of the fuel injectors and ignition timing. The crankshaft position (CKP) sensor signal is used by the PCM for engine misfire detection.

The PCM provides three modes of ignition timing control. Each ignition timing mode provides the most suitable spark advance for optimal engine performance. The following are the 3 modes of ignition timing control:

•	The initial advance in ignition timing provides better starting performance of the engine, when engine speed is less than 500 RPM. The PCM sets initial ignition timing advance to 5 degrees before top dead center (BTDC).

•

Basic timing control--After the engine is running, ignition timing advance is determined by combining basic timing control and compensating timing control. Basic timing control ignition advance is based on engine coolant temperature, engine speed, and intake air volume. The ignition timing advance value, calculated from the engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor, the CMP sensor, and the mass air flow (MAF) sensor input, is added to the 5 degrees initial advance, and modified by the compensating timing control value.

•	The compensating timing control ignition advance is added to the basic timing control value. The following are the most important factors in calculating the compensating ignition advance value:

-	Engine coolant temperature

-	Intake air temperature

-	Engine load

Ignition timing on the 2.5L engine is adjustable. The CMP sensor housing can be repositioned, much like a distributor, in order to adjust the base ignition timing setting. A scan tool must be used to request that the PCM operate the ignition system in the ignition timing check mode. Refer to Ignition System Timing Adjustment .

Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor

The crankshaft position sensor (4) is mounted in the right side of the engine block, near the crankshaft pulley. The PCM receives a digital signal from the CKP sensor. The PCM uses the CKP sensor signal in order to determine crankshaft speed. The PCM uses crankshaft speed as one of the inputs in engine misfire monitoring. The CKP sensor is not adjustable.

Operation

The CKP sensor (4) generates a magnetic field within the magnet (3) and coil (2) assembly. The CKP sensor has a specified air gap between the sensor core end and the crankshaft signal rotor (1) that is located on the crankshaft. An AC voltage is generated in the sensor when crankshaft rotation causes a change in the magnetic flux. The CKP sensor sends the A/C voltage signal to the PCM.

Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor

The camshaft position (CMP) sensor (2) is located in a distributor style housing at the rear of the bank 1 cylinder head. The PCM uses the CMP sensor input in order to control the fuel injectors and the ignition timing. The CMP sensor is adjustable.

Operation

The CMP sensor (3) contains a signal generator hall switch (2). A signal rotor (2), with 11 notches, is located in the CMP sensor housing and is driven by the camshaft. The CMP sensor has a specified air gap between the sensor core end and the signal rotor. When the signal rotor in the housing turns, a magnetic flux from the magnet is applied to the hall element repeatedly. The hall element generates a voltage that is proportional to the magnetic flux. This voltage signal is wave-shaped and is modified into a digital pulse before being sent to the PCM. The PCM uses the pulse and/or revolution signal in determining the engine speed and the position of each cylinder.

Noteworthy Ignition Information

Consider the following important information when servicing the ignition system:

•	The ignition coil secondary output voltage is very high - more than 40,000 volts. Avoid body contact with the ignition high voltage secondary components when the engine is running or personal injury may result.

•	All six ignition coils are the same. Swapping ignition coils from one cylinder to another in order to determine the cause of a cylinder specific concern, can be a useful diagnostic procedure.

•	Be careful not to damage the secondary ignition terminal or boot when servicing the ignition system. Do not disassemble the ignition coil assembly for testing purposes.

•	Do not use a conventional tachometer in order to check engine speed on this ignition system. An inductive type pick-up can not be adapted to provide reliable engine speed information. Use a scan tool in order to monitor engine speed (RPM).