GM Service Manual Online
For 1990-2009 cars only
  1. Replace the ball joint if any looseness is detected in the joint.
  2. Replace the ball joint if the ball joint seal is cut.
  3. Inspect the ball joints.
  4. 3.1. Raise the front of the vehicle which allows the front suspension to hang free.
    3.2. Grasp the tire at the top and the bottom.
    3.3. Move the top of the tire with an in and out motion.
    3.4. Observe the ball joint for any horizontal movement of the steering knuckle, relative to the front lower arm. Replace the ball joint if movement is present.
  5. Replace the ball joint if the ball stud is disconnected from the steering knuckle and looseness is detected.
  6. Replace the ball joint if the ball stud can be twisted in the socket using finger pressure.
  7. Inspect the ball stud tightness in the steering knuckle boss.
  8. 6.1. Shake the wheel while feeling for movement of the stud end or castellated nut at the knuckle boss.
    6.2. Inspect the castellated nut fastener tightening specifications is an alternative method of inspecting for wear.

    A loose nut can indicate a bent stud or an opened-up hole in the knuckle boss.

  9. Replace worn or damaged the ball joints and knuckles.